Automobile assembly line (production line)-Assembly line equipment used for the assembly of electric cars, usually in the form of a combination of conveyor equipment and special machines, suspension conveyor lines, single-plate chain conveyor lines, to double-plate chain conveyor lines. Equipment can be placed on the ground or made flush with the ground.
I. Spatial layout of automobile assembly lines
High-level working area: For example, the body lift lifts the vehicle to a height of 2 meters, which makes it easier for workers to install chassis components (engine, gearbox), reduce bending movements, and improve ergonomics efficiency.
Ground operation level: The main line transportation and auxiliary moving lines (logistics AGVs, personnel channels) are strictly separated, and the yellow marking line divides the "prohibited entry area" and the "safe channel" to avoid cross interference.
Interior trim line (front-end workstation): Installation of lightweight components such as instrument panels, seats, and door trim panels, with compact workstation spacing (about 3 meters), suitable for rapid manual operation;
Chassis line (core station): lifting of heavy assemblies such as engine/battery pack and suspension, equipped with heavy lift and robotic arm assistance, and the station width is up to 5 meters to accommodate equipment;
Final line (end station): Install final components such as tires, glass, and wire harnesses, and simultaneously connect to testing equipment (four-wheel aligners, light test stands) to form a closed loop of "assembly-test-off-line".
II. Automation process for automobile assembly lines
1. Flexible production: Through Rapid Replacement (SMED) technology, when replacing models, only the tooling fixtures (such as door snap fixtures for different models) and the robot program (downloading new process parameters) are needed. The replacement time is shortened from the early 2 hours to less than 15 minutes, supporting "small batches and multiple varieties" customized production.
2. Pre-quality control
AI visual inspection: Deploy industrial cameras at the bolt tightening station to identify missed and wrong bolts in real time (accuracy rate of 99.9%), which is 10 times more efficient than manual random inspection;
Virtual debugging: Through digital twin technology, the operation of the assembly line is simulated in a virtual environment, problems such as workstation interference and timing bottlenecks are discovered in advance, and the on-site debugging cycle is shortened by 40%.
3. Intelligent energy consumption and safety
Energy management: Monitor the electricity consumption of each workstation through sensors, automatically dispatch backup power during peak hours, and reduce the peak load by 30%.
